energie rinnovabili
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Energia elettrica, tassazione ambientale, fonti rinnovabili e delega fiscale
La tassazione ambientale dell’elettricità e dei prodotti energetici ha ricevuto un altro interessante contributo da parte della Corte di giustizia dell’UE la quale, con la sua Sezione V nella sentenza C-833/21 del 23 giugno 2023 ha affermato che: “…una normativa nazionale che prevede la tassazione del carbone utilizzato per la produzione di elettricità soddisfa la condizione contenuta in tale disposizione, secondo cui l’imposta deve essere istituita «per motivi di politica ambientale», qualora esista un nesso diretto tra l’impiego del gettito della tassazione in questione e la sua finalità o qualora tale imposta, senza perseguire una finalità puramente di bilancio, sia concepita, per quanto riguarda la sua struttura, in particolare la…
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Plastic Pollution, Joint Ministerial Statement INC-2 and customs compliance
On 26.05.2023 the Intergovernmental Negotiating Committee (INC-2) to develop a legally binding instrument on plastic pollution, including in the marine environment released a Joint Ministerial Statement INC-2 whose points are: This committee calls for the overarching objective of the treaty to be to end plastic pollution from all sources to protect the environment and human health. Reinforcement of commitment to ending plastic pollution by 2040; Development of common legally binding obligations and control measures for Parties to the treaty, and to cooperate with stakeholders and other partners to ensure alignment of efforts with the objective and approaches of the treaty, in order to end plastic pollution; binding provisions in the…
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Classification, green goods and Customs reform
On 17.05.2023 the EU Commission released the communication “ Customs reform: Taking the Customs Union to the next level” COM(2023) 257 final. This communication underlines that: “…the EU should take a leading role in developing a global green customs policy…” and “…There are several areas in which global customs can support environmental objectives. Besides greening customs administrations themselves41, modernising the classification of goods in line with the objectives of the twin transitions should be part of the ongoing strategic review of the harmonised system convention. Options for greening the harmonised systems (HS) classification range from issuing lists of environmental goods, to changing the structure of the HS, or even alterations…
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EU, Carbon Border Adjustment Mechanism: how it does work?
The European Commission released on 10.05.2023 a memo with “Questions and Answers: Carbon Border Adjustment Mechanism (CBAM)”. The second question is “How will the CBAM work?…” The answer is “…Designed in compliance with World Trade Organization (WTO) rules and other international obligations of the EU, the CBAM system will work as follows: • As from the CBAM’s entry into force in 2026, EU importers will buy carbon certificates corresponding to the carbon price that would have been paid, had the goods been produced under the EU’s carbon pricing rules; Conversely, once a non-EU producer can show that they have already paid a price for the carbon used in the production…
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European Court of Justice, VAT and device for charging electric vehicles
The Tenth Chamber of the European Court of Justice (ECJ) with its judgement of 20 April 2023 in case C-282 declared that the supply of the devices for recharging electric vehicles and its connected services, from a VAT standpoint, constitute a supply of goods. In particular, the “….Council Directive 2006/112/EC of 28 November 2006 on the common system of value added tax, as amended by Council Directive 2009/162/EU of 22 December 2009, must be interpreted as meaning that a single complex supply which encompasses: – access to recharging devices for electric vehicles (including integration of the charger with the vehicle operating system); – the supply of electricity, within duly adjusted…
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CBAM and exemptions
CBAM (carbon border adjustment mechanism) will not apply to: goods of non-preferential origin (made in) in Switzerland, Liechtenstein, Iceland and Norway; low-value consignments up to EUR 150; certain military imports.
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EU, efuels and excises: some reflections and proposal
On 21 march 2023 Reuters reported: “…The European Commission has drafted a plan to allow sales of new cars with internal combustion engines after 2035 if they run only on climate neutral e-fuels, as it tries to resolve a spat with Germany over moves to phase out combustion engine cars. The draft proposal, seen by Reuters on Tuesday, suggests creating a new type of vehicle category in the European Union for cars that can only run on carbon neutral fuels….”. By waiting for the final regulation, it is interesting to think how the promotion of e-fuels can works with tax (excises) incentives. We studied how the production of efules can…
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Comunità energetiche rinnovabili (CER) e Corte Costituzionale
La Corte Costituzionale con sentenza n. 48/2023 del 9 febbraio 2023 si è espressa in materia di CER e incentivi regionali per realizzarle. In primo luogo ha rilevato che: le comunità di energia rinnovabile (CER) trovano specifica disciplina nell’art. 22 della direttiva (UE) 2018/2001 del Parlamento europeo e del Consiglio, dell’11 dicembre 2018, sulla promozione dell’uso dell’energia da fonti rinnovabili (rifusione). In particolare, definisce le CER come un «soggetto giuridico: “… a) che, conformemente al diritto nazionale applicabile, si basa sulla partecipazione aperta e volontaria, è autonomo ed è effettivamente controllato da azionisti o membri che sono situati nelle vicinanze degli impianti di produzione di energia da fonti rinnovabili che…
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Green economy, accise e legge delega fiscale 2023
L’accisa è un’imposta indiretta, a formazione progressiva e complessiva, monofase e legata al ciclo produttivo ma ora con l’articolo 12 della legge delega fiscale del 16 marzo 2023 dimostra la sua natura di tributo capace di realizzare politiche di natura ambientale. La norma sopra citata, infatti, recita quanto segue: “…il Governo osserva…i seguenti principi e criteri direttivi specifici per la revisione delle disposizioni in materia di accisa e delle altre imposte indirette sulla produzione e sui consumi: a) rimodulare le aliquote di accisa sui prodotti energetici e sull’energia elettrica in modo da tener conto dell’impatto ambientale di ciascun prodotto e con l’obiettivo di contribuire alla riduzione progressiva delle emissioni di…
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CBAM some customs implications
As already indicated, on October 2023 will partially enter into force the CBAM (carbon border adjustment mechanism), according to article 36 paragraph 3 of the “Proposal for a regulation of the European Parliament and of the Council establishing a carbon border adjustement mechanism (COM(2021)0564 – C9-0328/2021 – 2021/0214(COD))” published on 8.02.2023 for which“…(a) Articles 5 and 17 shall apply from 31 December 2024. (b) Articles 2(2), 4, 6, 7, 8, 9, 14, 15, 16, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27 and 31 shall apply from 1 January 2026. (c) Articles 33, 34 and 35(1), (2), (3), (4), (6) and (7) shall apply until 31 December 2025…”. From a customs point of…